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1.
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Energy Conversion
Alan J. Hurd, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM/USA &
Abdelilah Slaoui, Laboratoire InESS – CNRS, Strasbourg/F (
Symposium Chairs) |
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1.1 |
New Materials for Fossil Power Plant
Eberhard Roos, University of Stuttgart/D &
Lorenz Singheiser, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH/D
Several factors have renewed worldwide interest in advanced, high-efficiency fossil power plants during the last decade. These factors include the demand on reducing fuel costs and emissions from power plants. The key enabling technology that drives high-efficiency power plants is the development of advanced materials and coatings with a considerable increase in creep strength and corrosion as well as oxidation resistance. The session is intended to continue the promotion of information exchange between scientists and engineers and covers boiler, turbine, and balance-of-plant material issues:
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New materials development concepts
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Materials processing of advanced alloys
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High-temperature materials used in boilers, steam and gas turbines, combined cycle plants including new technologies such as oxyfuel and coal gasification
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Boiler tubes, headers, steam pipes, waterwalls, turbine rotors, blades, bolts, casings, valves, and other plant components
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Welding and fabrication
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Materials needed for CO
2
-seqestration technologies
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Microstructural evolution and creep
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Creep, fatigue, creep-fatigue, toughness, and high-temperature design rules and development of constitutive equations to describe component behaviour
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Modelling of materials microstructure evolution as a function of time, temperature and loading during fabrication and component service with respect to creep strength
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1.2 |
New Materials in Nuclear Energy Systems - Fission and Fusion
Robert S. Averback, University of Illinois, IL/USA &
Damien Féron, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette/F
Nuclear energy is a carbon-free source of power which presently represents ~15% of the electric power generation in the world. Growth in this technology will likely be required to meet our energy requirements in the XXI century in an environmentally acceptable manner; however, developments in three areas are needed to enable this growth: The extension of the life time of nuclear power plants from 30-40 years, to 50-60 years or more; the prediction of long term behavior of materials in nuclear waste disposal over large periods of time; the development of new materials for use at high and very high temperatures as needed for fusion applications and as expected in Generation IV fission power plants. The present symposium solicits contribution in these three areas, by focusing on the following topics:
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anoscale design of materials and interfaces that radically extend performance limits in extreme radiation environments. Topics will include: nanoscale synthesis and characterization, and time-resolved study of nanostructured materials and interfaces that offer the potential to control defect production, trapping, and interactions under extreme conditions.
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Microstructure and property stability under extreme conditions. Topics include the relationships between defect properties and microstructural evolution and how they influence mechanical behavior and phase stability.
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Multiscale descriptions of material properties in complex materials under extreme conditions. Topics include calculations of defect production, diffusion, trapping, and defect interactions; thermodynamic modeling, and mechanical properties. Models include atomistic approaches, cluster dynamics, and phase field models.
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Advanced fuel designs; these include rim effects in high burn-up fuels and fission gas bubbles (among other possible topics).
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1.3 |
Materials for the Conversion of Biomass and Waste
François Ropital, IFP, Vernaison/F &
Eckhard Dinjus,
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen/D
This session would emphasis the material challenges for technologies to generate heat, electricity, chemicals and liquid fuels from biomass and waste. Biomass from diverse origins as well as many waste streams contain considerable amounts of inorganic components compared to conventional fossil fuels. For thermochemical conversion processes, such as pyrolysis, combustion, or gasification appropriate materials have to be identified. Some of the following technologies and materials developments will be emphasised:
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Combustion (improved refractory materials for increased thermal efficiency, novel reactor design for more complete combustion,...)
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Gasification (new processes design, corrosion and temperature resistant material, efficient gas cleaning technologies to avoid and remove tars, alkali, chlorine, particulates,...)
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Pyrolysis (materials to resist bio-oils coking and corrosivity tendencies,..)
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Biological conversion of cellulosic biomass (appropriate materials to accommodate the greater corrosivity of blended ethanol and bacterial corrosion, novel processes design...)
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Biomass liquefaction (materials and reactor design for hydrolysis and conversion at hydrothermal conditions,...)
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Novel concepts (microbial fuel cells, bio-inspired energy conversion process,...)
The aim of the symposium is to provide an overview of the present state-of-the-art in this field and an overlook of the needs for future research.
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1.4 |
Direct Solar Energy Conversion and Transmission
Gilles Flamant, CNRS, Font-Romeu/F &
David S. Ginley, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO/USA
Directly harvesting the suns energy to produce electricity is one of the cleanest ways to produce renewable energy. The solar energy flux reaching the Earth’s surface represents a few thousand times the current use of primary energy by humans. The potential of this resource is enormous and necessitates that solar energy be a crucial component of a renewable energy portfolio aimed at achieving sustainability and at reducing the global emissions of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Nevertheless, the current use of this energy resource represents less than 1% of the total electricity production from renewable sources. Photovoltaic energy conversion represents a significant potential for increasing in penetration of renewables but only if significant cost reductions and increases in production can be attained. Some technologies are begining to see cost models where energy production can be on a parity with coal but not at the needed Terawatt scale. Other technologies as well have the potential to make an important impact including concentrated solar power (solar thermal), thermoelectrics and thermal photovoltaics. The ability to control materials properties at the nanoscale and the ability to self organize or construct nanocomposites of inorganic, organic and biological systems are enabling new classes of conversion devices with enhanced conversion efficiency, stability and employing green technologies. This symposium will focus on the key materials issues and opportunities related to evolution of direct conversion technologies to the terawatt level.
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Photovoltaics: materials challenges for crystalline Si; thin film technologies today a-Si, CIGS, CdTe; thin film technologies tomorrow: Si, OPV, CZTS others 3rd generation approaches; concentrated PV (CPV); balance of system and lifetime, LCA
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Thermophotovoltaic: materials and systems
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Concentrated Solar Power: CSP material life time and performance evaluation; development of standard. Concentrating components: mirrors, assembly, qualification methods. Solar receivers and reactors: innovative designs, selective coating, optical and thermal properties, thermal stresses, high temperature materials …Heat transfer fluid: stability, properties, environmental impact. Materials for thermochemical conversion of concentrated solar energy (hydrogen, solar synthetic fuels): high temperature receiver/reactor material and assembly, redox systems, cycling behavior…
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Thermoelectric conversion: materials for direct conversion; device scalability
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Other direct conversion approaches: Rectennas
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1.5 |
Solar Fuels / Artificial Photosynthesis
Christian Jooss, University of Göttingen/D &
This symposium is devoted to the multidisciplinary field of materials for photochemical conversion for energy (including photo-chemistry, -catalysis and -electrochemistry, and catalysis of photo-induced processes) to help advance the field by focusing on the materials issues that are relevant to this field, including experiment and theory (models and computation), synthesis and characterization. Cross cutting aspects with the fields of “solar cells”, “fuel cells” and “batteries” will be considered in common sessions with other symposia.
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Photochemistry and photoelectrochemistry for carbon reduction and water splitting
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Direct photocatalysis and dark catalysis for conversion of biofuels
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Materials strategies for suppressing e-/h+ recombination
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Materials for photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry
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Catalyst electronic structure and compositional concepts
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The role of the solid-liquid and solid-gas interfaces
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Size effects and nanomaterials: benefits and challenges
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Nano-architecture and composite concepts for optimized photon harvesting
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Theory and modeling: density functional theory, molecular dynamics, etc.
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Corrosion protection of (photo)catalysts
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Characterization, in-situ/in-operandi, and ultrafast aspects of (photo)catalysts
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Performance beyond chemistry: influence of structure and morphology
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Artificial and biofuels: competition or synergy?
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Biomimetics, bio-inspired and other forms of (steps towards) artificial photosynthesis
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Sustainability, net energy- and life cycle-analyses of materials and energy chain
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1.6 |
Materials for Fuels Cells
Willem J. Quadakkers, Forschungszentrum Jülich/D &
Ellen Ivers-Tiffée,
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
/D
Fuel cell materials and related technologies are presently the subject of extensive research and development efforts by national laboratories, universities, and industries. This symposium will provide an international forum for scientists and engineers to present recent results in material oriented research as well as technical progress on various aspects of fuel cell development. The following topics will be addressed: fuel cell materials in general, microstructure and nanotechnology, cell performance and degradation, interface engineering and modelling, processing and fabrication. Additionally, materials issues in ancillary components of fuel cell systems, such as heat exchangers and reformers, will be addressed. Proposed Topics:
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Oxygen ion and proton conductors
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Electrode materials
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Interconnectors and coatings
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Sealing materials
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Reliability and degradation – chemical, electrical and thermo mechanical
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Surface and interfacial reactions; materials transport phenomena
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Modelling and simulation of components and stacks
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Materials behaviour in ancillary components
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1.7 |
Thermoelectrics: From Highly Efficient Structures to High-Temperature Generators
Kornelius Nielsch, University of Hamburg/D &
Marie-Christine Record, University of Aix-Marseille/F
Thermoelectric modules can convert heat energy to electricity, by using a principle known as "the Seebeck Effect”. Nanostructuring is nowadays considered as a promising strategy towards the development of thermoelectric materials of high efficiency Z·T. The three transport parameters contributing to Z = S
2
·σ/λ (the Seebeck coefficient S as well as the electric and thermal conductivities σ and λ) are directly interrelated with one another in bulk materials. In contrast structuring on the nanometer scale enables one to tune each of them to some extent independently of each other. Furthermore, a large variety of thermoelectric materials with a focus on high-temperature applications and high efficiency have been developed in last five years.
All scientists and engineers working in the field of thermoelectricity are invited to attend this session and submit their latest results. As thermoelectricity is a multidisciplinary field of research, the session will ensure that each domain, namely physics, chemistry and engineering, will be presented. Topics to be addressed include, but are not limited to:
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Nanostructures and low dimensional materials
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New or improved bulk thermoelectric materials
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Composite thermoelectrics
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Theoretical aspects of the thermoelectric transport
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New advances in measurement techniques and preparation methods
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Development of modules and interconnects
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Device integration and applications in waste heat recovery of combustion machines
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High-density local cooling and wireless sensors
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2.
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Energy Storage
Horst Hahn,
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen/D &
Regine Hedderich, NanoMat, Karlsruhe/D
(Symposium Chairs) |
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2.1 |
Hydrogen Storage
Andreas Züttel, EMPA, Duebendorf/CH &
Maximilian Fichtner,
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen/D
Hydrogen storage is regarded one of the most critical issues, which has to be solved before a technically and economically viable hydrogen economy can be established. Current methods such as compressed hydrogen, liquid hydrogen, and hydrogen storage in solids do not provide a sufficient storage density for, e.g. vehicular applications. Hence, research efforts are necessary in that field. New materials and solutions are required, and, in the case of solid storage materials, significant improvements in storage capacity, working temperatures, and pressures. The symposium aims at presenting recent progress in development of advanced hydrogen storage materials and in fundamental research to understand mechanism of hydrogen storage reactions and other interesting phenomena in these materials. Emphasis will be on the design of novel materials as potential high-capacity storage media with good reversibility, synthesis, and performance of the new materials. Specific classes of systems include complex hydrides, metal and alloy hydrides, metal films and alloys, carbon-based nanomaterials, zeolitic and porous materials, and novel hybrid inorganic-organic compounds. Theoretical studies of hydrogen storage materials and applications of hydrogen storage materials in energy systems will also be considered. |
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2.2 |
Thermal Energy Storage
Rainer Tamme, German Aerospace Center, Stuttgart/D
Thermal energy storage is a key element for solar thermal applications and is of fundamental significance for improved thermal management in the sectors of industrial process heat and power generation. Thermal storage systems are diversified with respect to temperature, power level and heat transfer fluids for charging and discharging and each application is characterized by its specific operation parameters. This requires the understanding of a broad portfolio of storage materials and designs concepts.
In the Symposium recent results and advancements in the preparation, characterisation, performance and testing of sensible storage materials (liquids and solids), latent heat storage materials (PCMs) and thermo-chemical storage materials (TCMs) are presented. It is expected that the Symposium will achieve significant progress with respect to the main unresolved questions of available heat storage technologies which are insufficient energy densities, limited efficiency and reliability, and still too high investment costs. Heat storage materials and tanks: options, storage tanks and heat exchangers, intensification. |
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2.3 |
Electrochemical Energy Storage: Batteries and Supercapacitors
Martin Winter, University of Münster/D &
Kai-C. Möller, Fraunhofer ISC, Würzburg/D
The symposium “Batteries and Supercapacitors” will focus on recent progress that has been made in the development of materials for all types of batteries and electrochemical double layer capacitors, i.e. aqueous and non-aqueous systems. Of particular interest are both basic and applied research findings that have led to improved new materials and designs as well as modeling studies contributing significantly to the understanding of the fundamental processes that determine and control the electrochemical performance of the materials. Experts in the field of electrochemical energy storage are kindly invited to give an oral contribution on their research, including synthesis and characterization, in- and ex-situ characterization techniques, reaction mechanisms and theoretical modeling. |
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2.4 |
Composite Materials for Energy Storage
Dmitry Shchukin, MPI for Colloidal Research, Golm/D &
Brigitte Baretzky, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT/D
The symposium aims at highlighting the latest developments in materials for energy storage with novel concepts for tailoring materials properties. Leading expertise in the field of nanocomposite hydrides, absorbers, nanotubes, mesoporous materials, nanostructured carbon, metal clusters, nanocapsules and other related materials will be presented during the symposium. The main stress will be to the approaches for modification of the materials and characterization of the resulting composites as multifunctional energy storage media. Multifunctional (nano)composites have potential to operate at lower working temperature and pressure, to enhance the reversibility, and, finally, to control the interaction between the (nano)composite interface and the environment. Materials of this kind can solve principal and practical problems of the energy storage which have been identified so far.
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3.
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Energy Efficiency and Distribution
Wolfram Münch, EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG, Karlsruhe/D &
Cynthia A. Volkert, University of Göttingen/D
(Symposium Chairs) |
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3.1 |
Catalysts for Sustainable Energy Applications
Johannes A. Lercher, TU München/D &
Marie-Isabelle Baraton, Université de Limoges/F
Besides the large use of catalysts in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries, the petroleum-refining industry relies heavily on catalysis to achieve the desired final end-products. New and improved materials are therefore needed for more efficient catalytic processes having the potential to decrease fossil-fuel consumption and to mitigate the impact of the use of fossil fuel on the environment. Catalysis also plays a major part in alternative energy technologies, such as the conversion of biomass and sunlight into usable energy sources, and in the development of new efficient energy systems, such as fuel cells. Catalysis is thus fundamentally linked to energy production, to sustained economic development, and to climate stabilization. Topics of the symposium include (but are not limited to):·
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Design, synthesis, and characterization of new/improved efficient catalyst materials for sustainable energy applications, such as fuel and biofuel production, biomass and sunlight conversions, biogas production, fuel cells, hydrogen production and storage;·
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Modeling, simulation, and experimental characterization of the energy-related catalytic processes;·
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Energy sources and systems based on catalytic processes for consumer electronics, households, transportations and for the city of tomorrow (technology, economy and trends).
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3.2
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Building Materials and Systems for Construction
Michael Kutschera, BASF Construction Chemicals GmbH, Trostberg/D
Significant worldwide energy consumption and CO
2
emission is related to the building sector. Both for the initial construction itself as well as for usage and maintenance afterwards. The session will be dedicated to novel materials for construction which are energy efficient and allow CO
2
reduction. Additional topics will be construction elements as well as building systems which enable new ways of saving energy. Focus is put on mineralic, hybrid and synergistic materials and systems. |
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3.3 |
Light-Weight Strategies, Concepts, Design, Materials, Processes and Methods
Frank Henning, Fraunhofer ICT, Pfinztal/D &
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
/D
Light weight technologies are essential for future energy saving and reduction of CO
2
emissions. Beside different individual materials strategies suitable to reduce weight, cost effective Multi-Material design seem to become more important in future. This session will be dedicated to light-weight strategies, concepts, design, materials, processes and methods for an increase in efficiency of moving systems. They include industrial sectors like mobility, machinery and energy. |
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3.4 |
Materials Research for Solid-State Lighting
Julia Phillips, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM/USA &
Elmar Keßenich, BASF Future Business GmbH, Ludwigshafen/D
Today, lighting is one of the most energy inefficient technologies, so it is an attractive target in the worldwide drive to improve energy efficiency. A number of approaches to efficient lighting are being explored and are starting to be commercialized, but the goal of achieving 50-70% wall-plug efficiency, while simultaneously offering affordability, long lifetime and appealing light quality, remains elusive. This symposium will focus on materials research related to achieving high efficiency, commercially viable lighting technologies. Areas of interest include the development, exploration, and understanding of: promising light emitting materials; materials processing to achieve high efficiency light-emitting structures; compatibility of different materials used in lighting structures; materials stability and lifetime; packaging; and other materials issues affecting the ability to achieve widespread energy efficient lighting technologies. |
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3.5 |
Materials for Next Generation Electricity Transmission and Delivery
David S. Ginley, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO/USA &
William Tumas,
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO/USA
&
Hans-Peter Beck, Energie-Forschungszentrum Niedersachen, Goslar/D
Increasing demands will be placed on how we move electricity through the electric grid from the point of energy generation to the end user with the need to integrate increasingly large amounts of renewable energy such as wind and solar, the emergence of plug-in hybrid vehicles, and the development of intelligent, two-way "smart" grids. Cost effective, energy efficient, and reliable electricity delivery at the transmission and distribution level will require advanced materials including advanced conductors, superconducting materials, wide band gap semiconductors, and solid state dielectrics for electric power transmission, control and regulation. Advanced materials and devices are needed for a range of applications including transmission cables, fault current limiters, power electronics (e.g. for voltage regulation, reactive power compensation and switching), transformers, generators, and sensors. |
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4.
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Frontiers in Materials Science
David Young, University of New South Wales, Sydney/AUS &
Michael Schütze, DECHEMA e.V., Frankfurt am Main/D
(Symposium Chairs) |
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4.1 |
High-Throughput Technologies for Energy Materials
Wolfgang Schrof, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen/D &
Thomas Brinz, Robert Bosch GmbH, Waiblingen/D
Over the years there has been always a big demand to develop new and better materials. Typically, materials are prepared and tested in an iterative manner, which is often perceived as a time-consuming and cost-intensive approach. Therefore, Combinatorial and high-throughput methods have permitted scientists to accelerate the pace of the research and development of a huge variety of complex materials systems and devices. This session will address recent developments in energy materials development and high-throughput technologies like:
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Combinatorial design and fabrication of new energy materials
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New high throughput synthetic routes and process
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High-throughput methods measuring energy materials properties and performance
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DOE and data mining for combinatorial energy materials research like
The materials of this session are functional materials like electronic materials, catalysts, nanomaterials, polymers, polymer composites, Cermets or coatings.
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4.2 |
Materials for Energy Applications
Pulickel M. Ajayan, Rice University, Houston, TX/USA &
S. Ravi P. Silva, University of Surrey/UK
This symposium will focus on the impact that carbon nanotubes (CNT) has had in the research and development of energy related applications. CNT have a wide range of exciting physical properties that make them a candidate material for a variety of energy applications. Carbon nanostructures such as activated carbon have already been used widely in industry and new forms of carbon nanomaterials such as CNT provides new avenues to improve energy technologies. The high surface area, unique pore structure, high electrical conductivity, thermal stability and mechanical compliance have contributed to possible applications of CNT in energy storage and energy conversion technologies. The symposium calls for contributions in areas of carbon nanotube research and development in energy applications such as battery, electrochemical supercapacitors, photovoltaic devices, fuel cells and thermal management. Experimental and theoretical contributions in material growth and processing, characterization and property evaluation and approaches for implementing them in applications are solicited. The symposium will address the most recent progress, challenges and prospects in the area of CNT and related carbon nanostructures with specific focus on energy related applications. |
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4.3 |
Materials for High Temperatures and Extreme Environments
Wim G. Sloof, Delft University of Technology/NL
The increasing demand for fuel efficiency and reduced CO
2
emissions in heat and power generation are strong incentives to run energy conversion systems at ever-higher temperatures. This will bring the issue of high temperature corrosion into the focus of future research, e.g. metal dusting, which is expected to occur in syngas handling operations such as IGCC. The trend of yielding energy from fuels out of bio-mass and waste lead to aggressive environments for materials to operate. Enabling nuclear fusion as a future energy source requires specific materials to confine the high temperature and pressure plasma. This symposium will address recent developments in materials that can withstand high temperatures and extreme environments. Their high-temperature corrosion resistance, strength and toughness are the most crucial properties to consider. The materials in this field include novel metals, ceramics and composites. Environmental barrier coating concepts and emerging hybrid materials for high temperature applications may offer solutions. |
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4.4 |
Surface Engineering in Gas and Steam Turbines
Nazlim Bagcivan, RWTH Aachen/D &
Francisco J. Pérez-Trujillo, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/ES
A major purpose of this session is to foster the gathering of surface scientists from academia and surface engineers from industry to present and exchange the latest results in surface science and engineering for gas and steam turbines. Scientists and engineers are encouraged to submit abstracts that deal with the latest developments in surface coatings applied in the various sections of gas and steam turbines. This session focuses on protective coatings, e.g. thermal barrier coatings, oxidation and corrosion protection coatings, abradable seal coatings, wear protection coatings, erosion protection coatings as well as repair coatings. Moreover in the new generation of supercritical steam turbines coatings against oxidation will be necessary to develop new creep resistant substrates of ferritic steels (up to 650ºC) and nickel base alloys for 700ºC and 750ºC for operation times up to 100.000h of operation. Submitted abstracts should highlight the latest developments in materials and/or process technologies for coating applications. Researchers and engineers dealing with nanostructured coatings are particularly encouraged to submit their latest results. Papers dealing with aspects relating to fundamental and application oriented research on properties, processes, performance and equipment are all welcome. Topics to be addressed include, but are not limited to:
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Thermal Barrier Coatings
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Oxidation and corrosion protection coatings
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Abradable seal coatings
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Wear protection coatings
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Repair coatings
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Erosion protection coatings
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Nanostructured coatings
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